Includes index cards for Jewish emigrants. Some poorer emigrants had to reach Bremen by foot. Many German immigrants arrived at the port of Galveston. Modernization caused a shift in traditional jobs leading many Germans to leave the country during the late 19th century. Not many passengers sailed from these ports. The final stretch to the ship could only be taken during ebb tide, when water from the arm of the Weser flowed toward the North Sea. For those who could afford to travel first or even second class, an emigrant ship was not too bad, but steerage was horrible, with some ships taking 750 or more passengers. The German Pietists Mennonites and Amish made up only about 5000 of the German immigrants. The Triangle actually stretched from Albany westward along the Erie Canal to Buffalo and farther westward through Detroit to St. Paul and the Dakotas, then south to Nebraska and Kansas, back to Missouri, and eastward along the Ohio River to Baltimore. The legislation governing slave ships from Africa was often more humane that the legislation governing these emigration ships. Religious groups often settled ⦠Many of the vessels were “plague” ships, quarantined because of cholera or yellow fever, and up to one in six Germans on such a ship died from the long voyage. History of German Immigration to America in the 1700's: 1721 - German Migrants in Louisiana The Mississippi Company held a business monopoly in French colonies in North America. Many of these emigrants w⦠Among them were about 100 Jews. Wars in Europe and America had slowed the arrival of immigrants for several decades starting in the 1770s, but by 1830 German immigration had increased more than tenfold. Deutsches Auswandererhaus Bremerhaven / German Emigration Center Bremerhaven After the United States entered the war in 1917, the Navy used the ship, renamed USS Huron, to transport ⦠For those landing in New York City before 1855, there was no immigrant processing center as of yet. Few such lists have survived. Once in Bremerhaven, many emigrants prayed for their safety in the port city’s beautiful old churches until they set sail. There, they were assayed any taxes or duties on items they brought into the country, and quarantined until a doctor’s examination. Once they left land, they sailed into the North Sea and on to the English Channel, then out into the Ocean. In 1721 the Mississippi Company headed by John Law, settled thousands of German immigrants in French Louisiana. If your ancestors did not settle in or near a port city, then consider how they might have traveled from their arrival port to their ultimate destination... To New Orleans & Up the Mississippi ... Germany For German immigrants, the Germans to America series may be helpful... Germans to America 1850-1897; Germans to America ⦠When silt on the Weser began to reduce access to Bremen’s docks, Bremen’s mayor purchased land 30 miles away near the mouth of the river from Hannover in 1825 for use as a new port. In 1575 a great number of people from the Netherlands immigrated to Hamburg and brought much prosperity to the city. German immigrants boarding a ship for America European Reading Room German immigration boomed in the 19th century. And what a way it was! The German American population of 58 million breaks down demographically as follows: 39 percent live in the Midwest, 25 percent in the South, 19 percent in the West, and 17 percent in the Northeast. In Germany, Bremen had ⦠Their passage was often paid for with their life savings, and there was no turning back at this point. A project with the Bremen Chamber of Commerce and the Bremen Staatsarchiv. Copyright © 1996-2021 Cyndi Ingle, CyndisList.com. Naples is the capital of Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy. Few such lists have survived and can be found within various collections. It was not until 1862 that a rail connection between Bremen and Bremerhaven was completed to make the trip easier. The port of Bremen, Germany was a major point of embarkation for emigrations during the 19th and 20th centuries. It stressed a heart-felt conversion, reading the Bible, personal prayer, and living a holy life. Canadaâs main source of Germans was Russia â especially from the Volga, the Black Sea coa⦠Diseases and illnesses spread quickly. Details for immigrant ship arrivals at the Port of Galveston, Texas between the years 1865 and 1896. A German immigrant landing in Baltimore in the 1840s would likely have gone from there to Columbia, Pennsylvania and taken a horse drawn canal boat until he arrived in Harrisburg if he were going west. (German colonists had been migrating to Eastern Europe since the Middle Ages and to colonial America since 1683.) The port of Hamburg didn’t begin to improve conditions for emigrants until 1851. Some immigrants had been tempted by misleading recruitment ads and dishonest speculators, only to find out once they arrived that they had been duped and were now penniless, homeless and at the mercy of the elements and of strangers. For most German emigrants going to America during these years, Bremerhaven was the major port of departure. Cooking grates were set up on deck for steerage passengers who had to take turns using them in order to prepare a meal and they had to provide their own food. It was not uncommon for immigrant ships to arrive with an entire ship full of ill, dying or dead passengers, or for the passengers to die while anchored in the harbor in quarantine. This webpage has been set up to help deal with the difficulties of finding these records. Many cards are not in sequence. This was true not only for German nationals, but also millions of inhabitants in Austria, Hungary, and other Central European nations seeking opportunities or refuge in the New World. For some countries, such as Austria, the arrangement is chronological by departure date, with names grouped alphabetically by ship name for that date. Despite this grueling adventure, more and more people made the trip. To attract immigrants they developed intense advertising activities per each city and valley offering comfortable low cost voyages, which the⦠During the war thousands of eastern European laborers worked at its port. Bremen, on the banks of the river Weser that flows into the North Sea, was founded in the 9th century and was an important and lovely member of the Hanseatic League. The new harbor of Bremerhaven received its first customer in 1830, the American schooner. Although a massive re-routing of the Weser above Bremerhaven eventually solved the problem of accumulating silt, Bremerhaven remained the busiest emigrant port in Germany and soon became the embarkation point for most emigrants leaving Germany through Bremen. Thousands of them emigrated to England in 1709. Current database may be searched at the museum in Bremerhaven or by mail for a fee. The port of Baltimore was developed as a gateway for immigrants during the 1820s, and soon became the second largest gateway to America after New York City, (and Ellis Island), especially at the terminals of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad on Locust Point, Baltimore, which had made an agreement with the Norddeutscher Lloyd (North German Lloyd Line). Most Germans immigrants were Pietists. Namenskartei aus den Bremer Schiffslisten (Bremen Ship Passengers 1904-1914). By 1870, German-born farmers made up one third of the agricultural industry in rural areas of the East Coast, particularly concentrated near the port region of Pennsylvania and eventually migrating to ⦠Current database may be searched at the museum in Bremerhaven or by mail for a fee. During the 19th century mass immigration to the west was occurring. During the 20th century Hamburg had become the chief port of emigration. All Rights Reserved. Most of these originally settled in the Cape Colony, but were absorbed into the Afrikaner and Afrikaans population, because they had religious & ethnic similarities to the ⦠In the 19th century emigration to the United States began. Ships could not get into Cuxhaven was the port for Hamburg. Deutsche Auswanderer-Datenbank / German Emigrants Database. The master of vessel was required to prepare a list of passengers and to deposit it at the port of departure. Article by John Movius with David Dreyer. As new ships were being hired to accommodate the swell of emigrants, many exceeded the legal load limits and this led to tragedy. This was due in part to large passenger carrying steamships. Created in 1404, the Roland statue in the Bremen market place symbolizes freedom and justice. German immigration exceeded 300,000 in every decade until 1930 and except between ⦠The big companies which transported emigrants had their head offices in Switzerland and France and they were American, French, German and English capitals which operated illegally in Italy because they did not have the authorization of the government to work. For those headed for the Port of Baltimore, some hoping to stay in Pennsylvania or the mid-Atlantic states before heading farther west, another voyage awaited them on the Chesapeake Bay until they could stand on dry ground. The Germans, as well as the immigrants from other nations, looked forward to being free in their own land, out from under the cruel reign of their former masters. During the 1700s, there was an influx of German and Scots-Irish immigrants, many of whom arrived as indentured servants or âredemptionersâ and stayed in the city to work off the cost of the passage. Hamburg was the transitional stop for emigrants from the Northern German coastal countries as well as from Eastern European countries. The usual facility in steerage consisted of a few buckets with privacy screens. They were suddenly confronted with an alien civilization, crowds of people they could not understand and, if they did not have family or connections ready to receive and assist them, they were quickly overwhelmed by culture shock, fatigue and were again at the mercy of robbers and the unscrupulous. Hamburg, located on the Baltic Sea, was a port used by emigrants from southern and eastern Germany. It would become port to 7 million emigrants leaving Europe between 1832 and 1874. German language immigrants began arriving in Canada over 300 years ago from the region that is now Austria, Germany and Switzerland. From the Swedish port towns of Stockholm, Malmö and Gothenburg, transport companies operated various routes, some of them with complex early stages and consequently a long and trying journey on the road and at sea. If there were toilets, they were usually up on deck and hard to reach for the young, old, ill and everyone else in stormy weather. The ship’s quarters below the upper deck was made of rough sawn lumber fastened together forming compartments, each one holding four people. The shipping company presented its passenger list to Customs, and the immigrants made a Customs declaration and simply went on their way. Immigration means to enter a new country and settle there. Sources are passenger lists. From that year until World War I, almost 90 percent of all German ⦠Russians to America 1834-1897 includes Russians, Finns, Poles and Germans from Russia Dutch Immigrants in U.S. Ship Passenger Manifests 1820-1880 (books or online database) Registers of Vessels Arriving at the Port of New York 1789-1919 lists of New York ship arrivals by name of ship and date of arrival (no passengers ⦠When Bremerhaven first opened, passengers would have to travel for miles down the Weser River from Bremen to Bremerhaven on crowded river barges, a journey taking three days, until they were brought to the side of their large sailing ship. Generally speaking, each manifest gives: the name of the ship; its port(s) ⦠Many German emigrants exited through the ports of Bremerhaven and Cuxhaven. Embarkation lists of Palatine subjects shipped from Holland to England in 1709 are contained in a bundle of Treasury in-letters in T ⦠The Polish ports of GdaÅsk (Danzig) and Szczecin (Stettin) were primarily freight ports. They further required passenger lists be supplied to Bremen authorities by the ship owners for each voyage and that any emigrant not admitted into the United States by American authorities would be transported back to Germany at the ship owner’s expense. In 1847, crowded passage in ‘steerage’ from Bremen to America started at $16.00, a hefty sum to many. The information contained in this index is for the years 1907-1908 and 1913-1914 only. Library and Archives Canada (LAC) holds the Canadian immigration records for the years ⦠One reached the upper deck by a steep ship’s ladder. With differing degrees of sadness, joy, fear and optimism, they faced several weeks at sea from Bremen to America, barring any emergencies or accidents. Intends to provide a searchable database of all European emigrants who emigrated to North America from German ports between 1820 and 1939. From 1880 to 1920 more than twenty-five million immigrants, many from Austria-Hungary, Russia, and the Ukraine, were attracted to the United States and Canada. The odors aboard these immigrant ships were so foul that people on land claimed they could smell them coming. There are no comprehensive nominal lists of immigrants arriving in Canada before 1865. When the First World War broke out, shipping to and from Hamburg came to an almost complete standstill. Includes marital status, occupation, ship name, place of last residence, and destination. The Bremen Senate set up rules regarding sea-worthiness of the ships departing from her harbors, minimum space requirements and enough adequate provisions for three months at sea. The primary port of arrival for early immigrants was Philadelphia and many Germans chose to settle in Pennsylvania. 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